American football is a fierce contact sport. Due to the common violent collisions in the game, players must wear armor-like protective gear. These protective gear mainly include helmets with cage masks and upper body armor with shoulder and chest guards. In addition, depending on the league level, they also include mouthguards, gloves, and pads covering the elbows, waist, hips, crotch, thighs, knees, etc.
According to statistics, the use of protective gear can reduce the probability of various serious injuries by more than half. Despite this, the intense nature of American football still makes injuries unavoidable. Concussions caused by blunt force from limb collisions are particularly common, with tens of thousands of players injured each year.
Game Time
A standard American football game is divided into four quarters, each lasting 15 minutes. The first and second quarters are called the first half, and the third and fourth quarters are called the second half. There is a 12-minute (20-minute college game) halftime break between the first and second halves. At the beginning of the second half, the ball will be kicked off again, just like at the beginning of the game. There are two minutes of rest at the end of the first quarter of the first half and the end of the third quarter of the second half. The players of both teams exchange venues, and the team that originally had the ball will continue to attack after the exchange of venues.
After each attack, the offensive team must restart the next attack within 40 seconds, otherwise they will be penalized. In addition to changing possession, the game clock is paused in the following situations: failed pass, player holding the ball out of bounds, referee whistle for foul, coach calls a timeout (only three times). When the referee puts the ball back to the kick-off point for both teams to start attacking, the game clock starts to count again.
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